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Diversity, distribution and phylogeny of members of the anamorphic genus Chalara
Seifertová, Petra ; Koukol, Ondřej (advisor) ; Haňáčková, Zuzana (referee)
The genus Chalara includes anamorphic, microscopic species of fungi with a typical morphological structure of conidiogenous cell - a phialide with basal venter, long tubular collarette which is producing hyaline, cylindrical conidia. This feature is simple and in the evolution was developed several times. Species of the genus Chalara are associated with some teleomorphic species in subphylum Pezizomycotina, most of them in order Helotiales. The genus is dispersed all over the world and not prefer some special substrate or ecological requirements (from saprobes to parasites). The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to give an overview of diversity, substrate preferences of species, their position in a system and a recapitulation from the first phylogenetic opinions which were based on morphological features to nowadays perceptions with molecular data. Key words: phylogeny, Chaetochalara, Infundichalara, Xenochalara, teleomorph
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Induction of sporulation and sexual state formation in Ascomycota (Fungi)
Dudová, Zuzana ; Kolařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Novotný, David (referee)
The aim of this study was to summarize factors that induce sporulation of anamorph and fruiting body formation in ascomycetous fungi. These factors are, depending on a species, light, water, air and nutrients availability, presence of various chemical compounds and osmolarity. Specific media and cultivation conditions used for sporulation induction are reviewed. I concentrated on mating type (MAT) genes and genes involved in the process of conidiation in the chapter about genetic background of fructification and sporulation. Key words: sporulation, fruiting body formation, MAT genes, mating factors, anamorph, teleomorph, Ascomycota, homothallism, heterothallism.
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